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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee enthusiast you're likely to know that different varieties of beans produce varying flavor profiles. Learn more about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and types of coffee beans Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a variety of Liberica is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity and tarter flavor profile, and are often added to coffee blends to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica is the most well-known coffee in the world, making up 75% of the world's coffee bean production. Arabica beans are sweeter and milder in flavor than Robusta. They are available with a variety of flavor profiles. The aroma and taste of coffee can be affected by the conditions in which it is grown as well as the processing methods used.

The word "coffee" is derived from the Arabic word that means berry. Coffee ground beans coffee are actually seeds that develop inside bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds discovered that their goats were more energetic after eating the fruit, and the cultivation of coffee quickly was a global phenomenon.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes and are in a position to thrive when exposed to cool temperatures and plenty of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is considered to be the most delicious kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters focus on the ethical source of arabica beans, with a focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans to create unique coffees, which can be used in many different brewing techniques. Blending is a way to control the aroma, flavor and body of the coffee and is often preferred in order to achieve a consistent and balanced taste that appeals to a larger market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most popular kind of coffee bean in the world. They have a higher caffeine content per bean than Arabica and are more resistant to disease and pests. They also have higher levels of chlorogenic acids which are antioxidants found naturally. These acids can cause oxidation during the coffee brewing and produce undesirable flavors.

The plant is more robust than the arabica and can thrive in less favorable conditions. It can withstand higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant, and it grows faster than arabica. This makes it a more economically viable crop to cultivate.

While it may seem counterintuitive, Robusta beans are often blended with arabica beans to create coffee blends. If you notice names like Uganda or Kenya on the coffee bags it's likely that there's also some robusta.

Most roasters use a mixture of arabica and coffee beans to cut costs and ensure the quality. To preserve the flavor integrity you should select a high quality bean from a reliable source. The best method to do this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped that makes them different from other types of coffee beans. They have a unique aroma that is floral and fruity with the smoky notes. They are paired with other types of coffee beans to give them a more rounded and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They are tolerant of hot, humid climates and are able to grow at low altitudes. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect for growing at home. You can purchase the seeds from many sources. However, it's recommended to purchase the beans from local producers in order to ensure high-quality. The best conditions for growing Liberica green coffee beans include fertile deep volcano soils that have moderately acidic and sufficient annual rainfall.

Excelsa is another type of coffee bean. It was once classified as a separate species, but has since been classified as a Liberica variant. These ground coffee beans beans with an oval shape are grown on large coffee plants that reach 20-30 feet in height at medium altitudes. They have a distinctive taste that is both fruity and tart, which has made them a sought-after option in blends made by home. They have a less pronounced scent and a lower caffeine levels than Arabica or Robusta but they do have a distinctive depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Excelsa coffee beans aren't as common as Arabica and Robusta despite being the fourth most popular. In fact they were considered to be a distinct coffee plant species until 2006 when they were reclassified to a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. Nowadays, they're grown mostly in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee beans near me. The coffee beans have the shape of teardrops and have a dark, mysterious taste. These beans are commonly used to give blends extra body and a tangy taste of ripened fruits.

Arabica beans are the most well-known and are known for their sweeter flavor. They thrive in warm, tropical climates and at high altitudes. They also have a hint of acidity. When roasted and brewed correctly they may impart notes like nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most adored coffee in the world, and makes up around 40% of all coffee beans shop consumed around the world. Robusta beans are smaller and more round, but have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and tend to have woody and earthy overtones.

Once you've mastered the four most popular types of coffee beans now is the time to pick your perfect brew. If you prefer an elegant and delicate taste, choose an arabica bean or a blend comprised of robusta beans and arabica beans.