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"proxy" is a term used to describe a server "proxy" refers to proxy servers. A proxy or proxy server. It is software that acts as an intermediary between a client and server via the internet. Without the proxy, a user would make a request to any resource straight to the server, and it would then serve the requested resource directly back to the user. It's not hard to understand and implement, using proxies can provide benefits in the form of increased security, performance, privacy, and much more. As a layer of pass-through, proxy services serve as a security barrier on the internet between clients and servers.

In general, the set of server hardware along with installed proxy software is also often described as proxy servers. However, this article will concentrate on proxy servers that are generally described in terms of software and ones that work together with web servers. This article will give an explanation of the two main types of proxy servers, specifically forward proxy and reverse proxy. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own specific usage, which can be confusing due to the use of overlapping terms.

This article will give you an idea of the nature of proxies and their subtypes and also their significance in normal configurations. If you read this article, you will be able to identify scenarios where an effective proxy is useful, and choose the most appropriate option between reverse proxy and forward proxy for any situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

In other words forward proxy also known as an open proxy is an agent of the user trying to make the request online a source server. In this scenario, every request made by the user will be directed by the forward proxy. In this situation the forward proxy, acting in the client's stead will review the request. In the beginning, it will decide whether it is allowed to send requests via this particular forward proxy. Then, it will either deny requests or redirect them to their source server. The client is not able to have direct connection to the internet and has access only to what the forward proxy permits it to connect to.

The most popular reason for using forward proxy servers is for more privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy connects to the internet on behalf of an individual client, and during this manner, it may utilize an IP address that is different from the IP address of the user.

Depending on the method by which it's configured depending on the way it's set up, forward proxy could perform a variety of functions as well as the capability to:

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  Beware of ad-tracker.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can determine limitations based on your location.
  
  

Forward proxies also are utilized in systems that provide central security and permission-based access, for example in the workplace. When all internet traffic goes through an open forward proxy, the administrator may allow only a handful of clients online access, which is then filtered by a common firewall. Instead of maintaining firewalls for this layer that could be used by multiple computer with different configurations and users, a firewall can be added to this forward proxy layer.

Keep in mind the fact that forward proxy servers need to be manually setup before they can be utilized while reverse proxies could be ignored by clients. Based on whether or not the IP address of the client is transferred to the server that is being used by the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity may be granted or kept secret.

There are many options to take into consideration for forward proxies.

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  Apache The Apache is a well-known open-source web server that provides forward proxy features.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another renowned open-source webserver that comes with forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy using an HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't have the full Web server platform. You can check out our guide on the best method of installing Squid proxy to connect private networks on Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante forward proxy that runs using the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more to handle situations like peer-to-peer traffic. You could also look into how to configure Dante proxy for secure connections within Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy acts in the capacity of an agent on a server that takes care of incoming requests by clients on its behalf. The web server could function as a single server, or a number of servers. Additionally, it can contain an application server such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations, the request might be made by a user of the internet in general. In most cases, the request will be directly sent to the web server that holds the data the client wants. A reverse proxy acts as an intermediary, separating the server from direct interaction with the open internet.

From the point of view of the client, interfacing with reverse proxy isn't different from interacting via direct connection to an internet server. It's exactly the same, but the client doesn't see the distinction. The client makes a request for the resource, and is then provided with it, without any additional configuration needed by the client.

Reverse proxy providers provide features like:

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  Security centralized for web servers.
  
  
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  Incoming traffic is directed by rules you can set up.
  
  
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  Additional functions for caching.
  
  

Although central security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy servers, reverse proxies offer this benefit to the layer on the webserver rather than the client layer. In lieu of maintaining firewalls at the server layer, that could include several servers that have various configurations, the bulk of firewall security could be concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, removing the responsibility of communicating with firewalls and coordinating requests from clients off web servers enables the firewall to focus on providing resources.

If there are multiple servers running in a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy can be also in charge of directing which requests go towards which servers. Multiple web servers could be running within the same system, each providing various kinds of resources or a mix of the two. These servers use their HTTP protocol to function as an ordinary web server. They can also be equipped with applications server protocols like FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy servers to direct the clients to specific servers in accordance with the requested resource or to follow certain rules regarding the amount of traffic.

Reverse proxies can also be able to make use of their positioning ahead of web servers by using caching features. Large static assets can be configured using caching rules to avoid hitting web servers every request, with certain solutions allowing you to serve static content directly, without needing to connect to the website server at all. Additionally, the reverse proxy can be capable of compressing these assets.

The well-known Nginx web server also functions as a reliable reverse proxy service. While Apache is also an alternative to reverse proxy however, this Apache webserver also comes with reverse proxy functions, which is a different option to Apache and Nginx was originally designed to and concentrates specifically on reverse proxy capabilities.

Differentiating Forward Proxy from Reverse Proxy Use Examples

Since "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with a sense of directionality, and false connections with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic, the names could be confusing as both types of proxies are able to handle requests as well as respond. Better yet, the best method of separating the reverse as well as forward proxy is to take into account the needs of the application that you're developing.

Reverse proxy is helpful when you are developing an option to host websites on the internet. They act as your web server for any interaction on the Internet.

Forward proxy can be useful when used in front of customers for your personal use, or even in a professional setting. They act as a representative of your customers in any interactions on the internet.

A case-based distinction instead of focusing on similar naming conventions will assist you in avoiding confusion.

Conclusion

This article describes what is a "proxy" is with the two main types being the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios to use them and an exploration of advantageous features were utilized to differentiate the two types of proxy both reverse and forward. If you're interested exploring how to set up proxies, read our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as an HTTP server and reverse proxy to Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 Server.

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