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Laryngeal Cancer and the Railroad

Laryngeal tumors comprise around one-third of neck and head cancers and are associated with high levels of morbidity and death. Men are more likely to develop them than women.

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Perchloroethylene

Tetrachloroethylene is also known as Perchloroethylene. It is a chemical manufactured for use to dry clean fabrics, degrease metal, and also to manufacture other chemicals. It's also found in many consumer products including some spot and paint removers water repellents, printing inks glues, wood cleaners and suede protectors.

Exposure to PERC can irritate the eyes, skin and nose. It's also a possible carcinogen, which can cause irritation to the larynx. Long-term exposure to high levels of PERC can cause respiratory problems such as pneumonia and liver cancer.

Exposure to PERC can occur when it's released into the atmosphere through dry cleaning processes and when contaminated clothing is thrown out after being cleaned. Inhaling liquid spills or vapors could expose people to PERC. It can also get into workplaces and homes through soil, groundwater or the process of vapor intrusion.

ATSDR and EPA both contain information about the health risks associated with PERC exposure. The toxicity of PERC is dependent on the level the frequency and duration of exposure. It's rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream following inhalation and exposures to oral vapors in humans and animals. The central nervous system, kidneys and the liver are the most common targets for PERC. It can also cause a loss of color vision.

ATSDR has not assessed the risk of exposure for the general public to PERC from streams, rivers or streams, drinking water, biosolids and disposal channels because it's assumed that these routes would be addressed under other environmental statutes.

Diesel Exhaust

Railroad workers who are exposed to exhaust fumes from diesel engines are more likely to develop lung cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified diesel engine emissions as a category 1 carcinogen. This puts it in the same class as arsenic, bnsf railway stomach cancer asbestos, formaldehyde and benzene as well as fine silica.

Diesel fuel fumes may contain the metals that cause laryngeal carcinoma and PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). These chemicals are generated when oil, coal, or gasoline are burned, and can be found in diesel exhaust fumes as well as cigarette smoke. PAHs are not safe levels of exposure, which is why they must be avoided at all costs.

In studies on animals, mice exposed to diesel exhaust, regardless of whether it was filtering or not, displayed higher rates of tumors than those who were not exposed. They also showed histopathological changes in the nasal cavity and other organs such as the pharynx, trachea, esophagus, forestomach, glandular stomach, liver, kidneys, adrenals, spleen, and the lungs.

Diesel engines are used to power trucks, trains buses, farming and construction equipment. Diesel engine exhaust can pose a concern for railroad workers of all types and, in particular, those who work with locomotives. The exposure to these fumes could cause lung diseases like COPD. This can be made more severe through smoking, which increases the risk of respiratory problems and other health problems caused by exhaust fumes from diesel vehicles.

Asbestos

Asbestos can cause laryngeal carcinoma in bnsf railway lymphoma workers. This toxic substance is no longer used in the bnsf railway stomach cancer industry, but it is still found in pipe insulation and electrical panels. You can also find it in the brake shoes of trains.

A number of large cohort studies have demonstrated that exposure to asbestos increases the risk of developing laryngeal bnsf railway esophageal cancer. These studies have demonstrated evidence of a dose-response connection however the results differ. The International Agency for Research on Cancer published a report in the last few days that found a connection between asbestos and laryngeal carcinoma.

The Institute of Medicine (an independent health arm of the National Academy of Sciences) has also confirmed that asbestos is a significant cause of laryngeal cancer. These findings have strengthened the evidence that asbestos is a carcinogen.

Asbestos can cause various health problems, such as cancer. Pleural effusions are a result of the accumulation of fluid in the pleura or lining of lungs. These issues can limit airflow and make breathing difficult. Inhaling diesel engine fumes and fumes can exacerbate these conditions.

Asbestos and diesel exhaust are just among the many dangerous substances that put bnsf railway pulmonary fibrosis workers at risk for respiratory illnesses of various kinds. These ailments can drastically impact the quality of a railroad worker's life. A railroad worker who has suffered an asbestos-related injury can seek compensation from an experienced lawyer.

Beryllium

Beryllium is abundant in nature in minerals such as beryl and bertrandite. It is one of the tiniest of metals and has a variety of useful properties, including high strength, excellent thermal and electrical conductivity and resistance to corrosion and fatigue. Due to these properties beryllium can be found in a range of manufacturing products. These include transistors for aerospace, components for aerospace nuclear reactors, golf clubs. Most exposures to beryllium, which cause health problems occur during beryllium processing.

Beryllium, as asbestos, is a carcinogen which can cause lung cancer. It is also a cause of serious illnesses, such as chronic berylliosis. Chronic berylliosis is a systemic condition that causes inflammation of the lungs as well as other organs of the body. It is similar to sarcoidosis and often difficult to diagnose. It can be challenging and even fatal to treat.

Exposure to beryllium can also cause sensitization -- an allergic-type response. People who are sensitive to beryllium can have symptoms such as sneezing, and wheezing. Not all people exposed to beryllium will develop sensitivity.

Workers who are exposed to beryllium within the workplace should adhere to hazard control measures. Elimination or replacement by a safer alternative is preferred, however in the event that this is not feasible, steps should be taken by using the hierarchy of controls to limit exposure. This may involve the isolation or enclosure of processes that could expose workers to beryllium.