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What is Blood Cancer?

What is Blood Cancer?

Blood cancers are different from other types of cancer because they affect the cells that make blood. Most blood cancers start in the bone marrow which is the spongy, soft material that forms inside the bones of most. The bone marrow is the source of stem cells that mature into red and white blood cells, as well as platelets. These cells help transport oxygen throughout the body and fight infections. They also control bleeding. The development of blood cancer occurs when abnormal blood cells expand out of control and take over normal blood cells.

The most common blood cancers are leukemia, lymphoma, kansas city southern railway chronic lymphocytic leukemia and Kansas City Southern Railway All multiple myeloma. Other types include Hodgkin's lymphoma, Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) or myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs). Each type of blood cancer is caused by changes (mutations) in the DNA in blood cells.

Certain types of blood cancers grow slowly and don't require treatment immediately. Some blood cancers are slow-growing and may not need immediate treatment. At UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, we make use of advanced diagnostics to find out what kind of blood cancer you've got and how fast it's growing.

We also provide advice on how to deal with the psychological and practical issues that come along with being diagnosed with blood cancer. You can sign-up to receive our weekly support email for those recently diagnosed with blood cancer. This email provides easy-to-read and concise information as well as real experiences of people who have blood cancer. You can also listen to the Blood Cancer Heart to Heart Podcasts.

What is the process for Blood Cancer Diagnosed?

The diagnosis of blood cancer is made using a variety tests and procedures. These tests are designed to test blood cell counts, and look for genetic mutations, and other indicators of kansas city southern railway interstitial lung disease. The majority of blood cancers begin in the bone marrow or lymphatic system. This is a set of composed of tissues and organs that produce blood cells and kansas city southern railway chronic obstructive pulmonary disease regulate the levels of fluid. They are triggered when abnormal blood cells develop out of control and interfere with the normal functions of these blood-forming cells as well as other tissues.

Certain blood cancers, like leukemia or kansas city southern railway non hodgkins lymphoma can be difficult to identify, since they aren't evident until the cancer has advanced or mistaken for common colds or flu. Other kinds of cancers such as myeloma begin in plasma cells, which are a form of white blood cells that help the body fight off infection. These cancers can also affect the spleen, liver and kidneys, making them difficult to detect and treat.

A physical exam and a review of your medical history are often the first steps towards diagnosing blood cancer. Your doctor might order imaging tests such as X-rays or CT scans to determine lymph nodes that are larger that could be a symptom of lymphoma or leukemia. A biopsy can confirm a diagnosis of blood cancer. This involves the removal of the tissue sample to be examined under microscope. Other tests can be used to determine the stage of blood cancer, which relates to the speed or extent at which much cancer has gotten spread.

What Are the Risk Factors for Blood Cancer?

The majority of blood cancers begin in the bone marrow, the soft, spongy part of most bones where blood vessels are created. Solid tumors, like those in the lungs or breasts, can be identified and staged according to the size and the extent of the cancer. Doctors stage blood cancers in accordance with the type and quantity of abnormal cells and their genetic mutations.

Family history and age are two factors that increase the risk of blood cancers. Leukemia and lymphoma become more common as we get older. People with certain genetic disorders, such as Down syndrome, Ataxia-Telangiectasia and Bloom syndrome, have a higher risk of developing leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). People who have been through other types of cancer may be at a higher chance of developing myeloma as well as other MDS.

Chemicals and radiation can increase the risk of certain blood cancers. Myeloma, for instance, is more common among people who have been in contact with asbestos and benzene and the herbicide Agent Orange. People working in shops such as machinists, pipefitters and electricians and have long-term exposure to welding fumes or solvents also are at a higher risk of developing myeloma.

Certain diseases, like anemia and high blood pressure, can also increase the likelihood of developing a blood cancer. Cancer treatments can also increase the risk of blood clots particularly when they involve chemotherapy, surgery or the use of catheters to administer drugs or hormones.

What are the options for treating blood cancer?

kansas city southern railway all blood cancers begin as stem cells in bone marrow. Cancer can hinder the normal development of stem cells, which means that they are unable to create healthy blood cells. You may have to take high doses chemotherapy drugs, that kill cancerous cells and then provide the body with healthy stem cells that can transform into new blood cells. This is referred to as stem cell or blood and marrow transplant.

Some people who have slow-growing cancer don't require treatment away and can be monitored by regular blood tests. Your doctor will discuss your options with you.

HCA Midwest Health provides a variety of treatments for blood cancer. We also offer innovative therapies through clinical trials. You can participate in a clinical trial that could lead to the next-generation of treatment for your kind of blood cancer. You can also be treated at home.